The Pros and Cons of Dark Matter and Modified Gravity

There is overwhelming observational evidence for mass discrepancies in the unvierse. When we look at extragalactic systems, we see motions that are
greater than can be accounted for by the action of gravity and the mass we
see. The obvious and widely accepted inference is that there must be
additional unseen mass, presumably in a novel type of particle. An
alternative interpretation is that the equations governing the motions in
such systems need to be generalized. I will discuss some of the pros and
cons of these ideas.